Pregnancy-associated breast cancer (PABC) accounts for about 0.2%-3.8% of all breast cancer cases. PABC and non-PABC have the same biological characteristics; however, due to the physiological changes associated with pregnancy and lactation and the possible influence on the fetus, PABC has unique characteristics in clinical diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis. In order to standardize and improve the diagnosis and treatment of PABC, the Breast Surgery Group of Surgery Branch of Chinese Medical Association made an in-depth discussion on PABC on the basis of a review of the literature, full consideration of the clinical characteristics of PABC patients, and feasibility in China, and put forward some consensus opinions on the diagnosis and treatment of PABC, with an aim to provide reference for the clinical work of breast surgeons in China.

Over the years of exploration and development，the surgical techniques and prognosis of liver transplantation in China have been significantly improved，resulting in a notable decrease in the prevalence of postoperative complications. However，ischemic-type biliary lesion remain a non-negligible issue.The Third AffiliatedHospital of Sun Yat-sen University formulated and published the "Expert Consensus on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Ischemic-Type Biliary Lesions after Liver Transplantation in Mainland China"in 2015，which has now been updated into aguideline based on current conditions and literature reports. This guideline elaborates in detail on the definition，incidence，pathogenesis，diagnosis，prevention of high-risk factors，and treatment of ischemic-type biliary lesion，aiming to providestandardized and normative guidance for the diagnosis and treatment of ischemic-type biliary lesion after liver transplantation，thereby reducing the rate of re-transplantation and fatality，and to improve the overall quality of life of liver transplant recipients.

At present, China′s transplantation surgery has ranked second in the world.Donation of brain death organs is the main source of organs. However, there is an imbalance in supply and demand development between organ donations and organs transplantation, it is urgent to improve the quality of clinical management of potential donors of brain death, optimize the quality of donation organs, and improve the conversion rate of potential donors. Nursing management plays a very important role in the maintenance of potential organ donors of brain death. This consensus focuses on the nursing points of the system of brain death potential organ donors during the nursing process, and scientifically and regulates recommendati- on opinions, aiming to improve the nursing management system of potential organ donors for adult brain, thereby improving the quality and donation rate of donation organs.

Mobid obesity and its accompanying diseases have become one of the most serious public health problems that the whole world needs to face together, and bariatric and metabolic surgery is still the most effective method for long-term weight control. Among all bariatric and metabolic procedures, sleeve gastrectomy (SG) is currently the most widely used, but it is not a perfect procedure. One of the most serious issues that this surgical procedure faces is the possibility of worsening existing or developing de novo gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) after surgery. Moreover, there is currently a lack of high-level clinical trial evidence on the diagnosis and treatment of GERD in patients undergoing SG. Therefore, initiated by four domestic bariatric and metabolic surgery centers, 41 experts with rich experience in metabolic and bariatric surgery and diagnosis and treatment of GERD from China, Japan, and South Korea reached a consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease in sleeve gastrectomy patients using the Delphi method. There are a total of 59 consultation questions in this consensus, of which 44 have reached a consensus. We hope that this consensus can not only serve as a reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment, but also provide more possible directions for future high-quality clinical research.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (hereinafter referred to as liver cancer) is one of the most common malignant tumors in China. Surgical resection is the preferred treatment for liver cancer, but the postoperative recurrence and metastasis rates are quite high. Current evidence shows that microvascular invasion (MVI) is an independent risk factor for postoperative recurrence and metastasis of liver cancer, but there are still many controversies about the diagnosis, classification, prediction and treatment of MVI over the world. The Chinese Association of Liver Cancer of Chinese Medical Doctor Association organizes domestic experts in related fields to form the Chinese Expert Consensus on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Microvascular Invasion (2024 Edition) after many discussions and revisions, in order to better guide the diagnosis and treatment of liver cancer with MVI and for reference by domestic peers.

Mobid obesity and its accompanying diseases have become one of the most serious public health problems that the whole world needs to face together, and bariatric and metabolic surgery is still the most effective method for long-term weight control. Among all bariatric and metabolic procedures, sleeve gastrectomy is currently the most widely used, but it is not a perfect procedure. One of the most serious issues that this surgical procedure faces is the possibility of worsening existing or developing de novo gastroesophageal reflux disease after surgery. Moreover, there is currently a lack of high-level clinical trial evidence on the diagnosis and treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease in patients undergoing sleeve gastrectomy. Therefore, initiated by four domestic bariatric and metabolic surgery centers, 41 experts with rich experience in bariatric and metabolic surgery and diagnosis and treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease from China, Japan, and South Korea reached a consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease in sleeve gastrectomy patients using the Delphi method. There are a total of 59 consultation questions in this consensus, of which 44 have reached a consensus. We hope that this consensus can not only serve as a reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment, but also provide more possible directions for future high-quality clinical research.

Cholecystectomy is the most effective treatment for benign gallbladder diseases. Compared to traditional open surgery, laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) offers advantages such as less trauma, reduced pain, and shorter hospital stays. In recent years, with improvements in laparoscopic instruments, equipment, and the skill level of surgeons, single-incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy (SILC) has seen significant development. SILC aligns more closely with the concept of minimally invasive surgery and offers advantages in terms of cosmetic outcomes and postoperative pain compared to LC. To further promote the standardized implementation of SILC in China, the Minimally Invasive Surgery Committee of the Chinese Research Hospital Association convened experts in relevant fields. Drawing from international literature and guidelines, and combining domestic research findings and clinical practices, these experts engaged in extensive discussions on key aspects of SILC standardization and conducted voting on contentious issues. The result is the "Chinese Expert Consensus on Single-Incision Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy (2024 Edition)" . This consensus provides recommendations on the technical advantages of SILC, indications, selection of single-incision devices and instruments, surgical key points, complications, and surgeon training. The goal is to improve the patient selection and operation standard of SILC, and promote its clinical application and dissemination.

Hysteroscopic myomectomy (HM) is the first-line minimally invasive and conservative surgical treatment for submucosal leiomyomas, With the popularization of hysteroscopy technology, as a common surgical method for uterine fibroids, On October 22, 2023, the Chinese Maternal and Child Health Association issued the association standard "Management of hysteroscopic myomectomy" (T/CMCHA 002-2023), which providing guidance and support for the technique, management and implementation of hysteroscopic myomectomy. The standard puts forward standardized requirements for medical institutions, team personnel, equipment and environment of hysteroscopic myomectomy. Meanwhile, the standard also standardized the clinical technical standards for hysteroscopic myomectomy, including surgical techniques, training systems, results evaluation and quality control management. This article interprets the requirements and recommendations outlined in the standard, aiming to assist clinical workers in comprehending and implementing the standard in clinical practice in a standardized manner.

Poisoning can endanger the lives of patients. Because its overall incidence is low and it is not familiar to the majority of medical staff, it brings many challenges to emergency medical staff. It is necessary to adopt a structured and thoughtful treatment approach to poisoned patients. Understanding the nuances of toxicological history and physical examination and standardizing the first contact of poisoned patients can help manage these patients. To this end, the Hubei Province Alliance on Poisoning and Occupational Diseases organized a number of domestic medical institutions to draft this expert consensus based on the academic and clinical experience of relevant experts, and applied it in practical terms with some nursing experts with rich experience in poisoning treatment. Finally, it was submitted to this consensus expert committee for discussion and approval to reach a consensus on emergency care for poisoned patients. This article aims to help emergency nursing staff make practical and feasible assessment and management of poisoned patients.

Current telerehabilitation management after pulmonary surgery is still emerging and serves a limited patient population. There is currently no standard on how to ensure the scientific nature of remote management of pulmonary postoperative rehabilitation, especially in determining the management boundary. Therefore, the Shanghai Society of Thoracic Surgery worked to compile thoracic experts’ consensus on remote management of pulmonary postoperative rehabilitation by overviewing domestic and foreign guidelines and consensus, combined with national conditions and relevant regulations. Based on evidence-based medical evidence and multiple expert discussions, a preliminary consensus has been reached in six aspects: suitable scenarios for remote management after pneumonectomy, suitable population for remote management after pneumonectomy, data collection and evaluation in remote management after pneumonectomy, pulmonary function rehabilitation management mode, compliance and rehabilitation evaluation of remote management of patients after pneumonectomy and rehabilitation exercise program for patients after thoracic pneumonectomy, which will provide useful guidance for clinical work.

Liver transplantation is an effective treatment for end-stage liver disease in children, and its clinical efficacy has been validated. Split liver transplantation can effectively expand the donor liver pool for children. Split liver transplantation for children has specific clinical characteristics and principles. Establishing technical operation specifications for pediatric split liver transplantation plays a significant role in improving clinical efficacy. In this article, clinical practice guidelines on pediatric split liver transplantation was established in the aspect of donor and donor liver evaluation, donor-recipient matching, and ductal segmentation and reconstruction of donor liver, aiming to standardize the technical process, optimize surgical procedures, reduce the incidence of complications of split liver transplantation for children, further promoting rapid development of pediatric split liver transplantation in China.

胎儿生长发育超声评估在孕期监测及产前诊断中起着至关重要的作用。通过超声定期测量胎儿双顶径、头围、腹围、股骨长等生物学参数，能够评估胎儿生长发育状况，及时发现问题，指导临床决策^[1,2]。合理选择基于孕龄的正常胎儿生物学参数超声参考值是准确评估胎儿发育的基础。

双顶径（biparietal diameter，BPD）、头围（head circumference，HC）、腹围（abdominal circumference，AC）和股骨长（femur length，FL）等主要胎儿生物学参数的测量是胎儿生长评估的重要组成部分。通过超声检查获得胎儿生物学参数测量值，与胎儿生物学参数参考值比对，可以及时发现可能的胎儿生长异常^[1,2]。

估测胎儿体重（estimated fetal weight，EFW）是临床判断胎儿生长是否正常的重要指标之一，有助于及时识别体重异常的胎儿。胎儿体重异常的筛查和规范管理有助于减少不良妊娠结局的发生。产前超声估测胎儿体重的方法有多种，比较常用的是采用一个或多个胎儿生物学超声参数计算EFW，并结合EFW正常参考值来判断胎儿生长状况^[1,2]。因此，选择一种适合的EFW正常参考值对胎儿临床管理决策尤为重要。