To evaluate the features of carotid web (CW) by ultrasonography.

A total of 66 patients with CW were retrospectively enrolled from January 2018 to June 2019 at Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University. All patients were examined by both ultrasonography and CTA, and were divided into either a<50% stenosis group (54 cases) or a ≥50% stenosis group (12 cases). The ultrasonographic characteristics of CW, including the length, thickness, direction (forward or backward to the flow), acute angle between the web and carotid wall, and thrombus between the web and carotid wall were compared between the two groups. The stenosis degrees of carotid artery were compared between patients with and without ischemic stroke.

Forty-two (42/66, 63.6%) patients were diagnosed with CW by initial CDFI examination, of whom 21 (21/66, 31.8%) were diagnosed with ulcerative plaque and 3 (3/66, 4.5%) were diagnosed with carotid dissection at first but confirmed by second examination. There were no differences in the web length, thickness, direction, or thrombus detected between the two groups (P>0.05). The angle between the web and carotid wall in the<50% stenosis group was significantly smaller than that of the ≥50% stenosis group (median angel 39o vs 73o, P=0.002), and the percentage of patients with an angle≤ 60o in the<50% stenosis group was significantly higher than that of the ≥50% stenosis group (74.1% vs 41.7%, P=0.042). The diameter of the residual carotid artery at CW location in the<50% stenosis group was significantly larger and peak systolic velocity was significantly higher in the<50% stenosis group than in the≥50% stenosis group (P<0.001). The stenosis degrees of carotid artery were not statistically different between patients with and without ischemic stroke (P=0.321).

Ultrasonography can be used to evaluate the characteristics of carotid web in 2D and color mode. When the angle between the CW and carotid wall is large, the carotid artery stenosis ≥ 50% is more likely to happen, but carotid artery stenosis is not the main cause of ischemic stroke.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficiency of sling exercise, therapeuticultrasound, therapeuticultrasound and sling exercise in patients to alleviate pain and improve lumbar function with lumbar disc herniation.

Individuals were selected from a list of patients being followed at the department of Rehabilitation in the third hospital of Hebei Medical University. 30 patients who were diagnosed with lumbar disc herniation were collected, the diagnoses were established upon medical history, physical examination, and results of imaging studies. The patients were randomly divided into three groups: therapeuticultrasound group received 14 sessions of ultrasonic therapy to the lumbar region, Sling exercise group received 14 sessions of sling exercise, and therapeuticultrasound and sling exercise group received therapeuticultrasound and sling exercise therapy 14 sessions of therapeuticultrasound to the lumbar region,7 sessions per week, 2 weeks. The VAS and ODI were compared with the assessment of the patients before and at the end of the therapy.

At the end of treatment, three groups VAS scores (F=3.069, P=0.043) and ODI scores (t=12.676, P<0.001) was lower than that at the beginning of treatment (P<0.05), at the end of treatment the VAS scores (F=59.400, P<0.001) and of the ODI scores (t=12.737, P<0.001) of ultrasonic and sling exercise therapy group was lower than the other group, the difference is significantly.

All three groups could reduce pain and improve lumbar function, and the ultrasonic and sling exercise therapy was most effective for lumbar disc herniation treatment in the three groups.

To analyze the treatment of different types of traumatic cerebral infarction in children, and explore its pathogenesis in combination with literature so as to improve the cure rate and reduce disability rate.

The clinical data of 42 cases of traumatic cerebral infarction in children were retrospectively analyzed in The Hospital of 81^st Group Army PLA from January 2015 to December 2019. The diagnosis of traumatic cerebral infarction in children was made by CT scan and MRI scan. According to different conditions, children with traumatic cerebral infarction were classified, and different treatment strategies were selected. Children with lacunar infarction were treated with calcium antagonists and neurotrophic drugs, supplemented by hyperbaric oxygen and exercise rehabilitation. The children of focal cerebral infarction and complex cerebral infarction treated by junior dehydrant and hormone also included the calcium antagonist and nutritional nerve drugs. The therapeutic regimen perhaps adjusted by the evolution of the disease. The children of extensive cerebral infarction underwent emergency cranial decompression, and was treated by reducing intracranial pressure and preventing complications after operation. The treatment results and recovery were observed.

In 42 cases of traumatic cerebral infarction in children, 35 cases (83.3%) were good recovery, 4 cases (9.5%) were moderate disability, 2 cases (4.8%) were severe disability, 1 case (2.4%) died, and no vegetative state. The good recovery rate of lacunar infarction was 100%, that of focal cerebral infarction was 62.5%, that of mixed cerebral infarction was 60%, and that of extensive cerebral infarction was 50%.

It is of great significance to improve the therapeutic effect and prognosis of children with traumatic cerebral infarction to adopt different treatment schemes for different types of cerebral infarction.

To characterize the patients with supratentorial hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in the Tibetan Plateau over an altitude of 4000 meters.

A total of 68 cases with supratentorial hypertensive ICH were retrospectively included in Ali Regional People’s Hospital from January 2017 to September 2018. The clinical and laboratory data were collected. A simple linear correlation analysis was applied to analyze the correlation between the amount of bleeding and sex, age, nationality, time from onset , systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), hemoglobin (Hb), serum triglyceride (TG), and cholesterol. According to computed tomography (CT) findings, 68 cases were divided into the basal ganglia ICH group (33 cases) and the lobar ICH group (35 cases). The characteristics between two groups were analyzed using t-test or χ² test.

The data of sex, age, nationality, time from onset, SBP, DBP, Hb, TG, and cholesterol of 68 cases on admission did not show any definitive correlation with the hematoma volumes (P＞0.05). The SBP and DBP of patients in the basal ganglia ICH group were significantly higher than that in the lobar ICH group, respectively [(184.9±28.5) mmHg vs (164.6±24.4) mmHg; (113.0±18.1) mmHg vs (103.0±18.4) mmHg] (t=0.499, 0.486; P=0.002, 0.033).

The relevant factors of hematoma volumes in patients with ICH in plateau area were not yet clear. Diastolic and systolic blood pressure of patients in the basal ganglia ICH group was higher than that in those in lobar ICH group.

To compare the efficacy evaluation of electrospun composite biomaterials and a porcine small intestine submucosa mesh for hernia repair.

A randomized, single-blind, controlled multicenter trial was performed in 3 hospitals in Shanghai. Eligible adult patients with primary unilateral reducible groin hernias were randomly assigned (1∶1) to electrospun composite biomaterials (experimental group) or porcine small intestine submucosa (control group) mesh groups. Patients were treated with the tARB technique and assessed at 1,3 and 6 months after the surgery. The primary endpoint was hernia recurrence. The secondary endpoints were postoperative complications including groin pain and operative site infections.

172 patients were assigned to experimental (n=86) and control (n=86) groups. At 6 months follow-up, postoperative complications occurred in 5 patients (5/86, 5.95%) and 2 (2/86, 2.35%) patients in the control and experimental groups, respectively (P>0.05). There was no significant difference in VAS or SVS score between the two groups.

We demonstrate that electrospun composite biomaterial mesh can be used as a ideal choice for inguinal hernia repair. Electrospun composite biomaterial has the characteristics of low recurrence rate, absorbability and long-term comfort.It can be further applied in clinical practice in the future.

Pancreaticoduodenectomy(PD)remains one of the most complicated hepatobiliary operations. The development of minimally invasive surgery for PD has always been an hot spot. Laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy(LPD) has not been widespread carried out due to its difficulty and long learning curve. LPD accounts for 9% of all PD, according to the National Cancer Data base. Compared with laparoscopic surgery, robotic surgery system has significant advantages in the field of minimally invasive PD, including stereotactic amplified vision, filtering hand tremor and simulating the wrist. The article would review the surgical techniques and notes, which could provide clinical reference for other surgeons.

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of transcatheter interventional therapy combined with targeted and immune therapy versus targeted and immune therapy alone in the treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma.

A systematic review and meta-analysis conforming to PRISMA guidelines were conducted by searching the Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Embase databases up to January 2026. Relevant literature was collected, and two researchers conducted literature screening and quality assessment according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3.

A total of 18 studies were included, involving 3 168 patients, with 1 794 in the combination therapy group and 1,374 in the single targeted-immunotherapy group. The combination therapy group showed higher complete response rate (OR=2.69, 95% CI: 1.45–4.99), objective response rate (OR=2.75, 95% CI: 2.35–3.22), and disease control rate (OR=2.61, 95% CI: 1.78–3.83), as well as longer progression-free survival (HR=0.56, 95% CI: 0.48–0.65) and overall survival (HR=0.5, 95% CI: 0.44–0.57). Regarding safety, the combination therapy group had significantly higher rates of elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), hyperbilirubinemia, nausea/vomiting, and abdominal pain.

The findings suggest that the transcatheter interventional therapy combined with targeted immunotherapy can improve the local control rate and long-term survival rate of unresectable HCC.

To investigate the efficacy and safety of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization combined with hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy in the treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma.

Search for articles published in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, CNKI, Wanfang and VIP databases from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2025 that discuss the treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma with TACE combined with HAIC. Extract relevant data such as objective response rate, disease control rate, overall survival, progression-free survival, and adverse events, and conduct a Meta-analysis using Review Manager 5.4 software.

A total of 7 articles were included. The meta-analysis results showed that the TACE combined with HAIC group had better outcomes in terms of ORR、DCR、OS、PFS compared to the TACE group. For any grade adverse events, The risk of adverse reactions in the TACE combined with HAIC group was higher than that in the TACE group. For grade 3-4 adverse events, The risk of pain and elevated alanine aminotransferase in the TACE combined with HAIC group was higher than that in the TACE group.

Based on the current evidence, the combination of TACE and HAIC may improve the tumor response rate and prolong survival time, its safety remains to be investigated. However, further confirmation is required from prospective, multicenter, randomized controlled trials.

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a major global public health concern, and interventional therapy has become an important approach for its diagnosis and treatment. In recent years, artificial intelligence (AI) has increasingly been applied to the integrated analysis of coronary multimodal imaging and clinical data. AI can extract and analyze multimodal imaging features, assisting physicians in lesion identification, plaque analysis, and functional assessment. It can also integrate perioperative clinical information for risk stratification and prognostic prediction. AI may be applied throughout the entire process of interventional treatment for CAD, including preoperative decision-making, intraoperative guidance, and postoperative management, thereby providing support for optimizing interventional strategies and risk stratification. This article reviews the research progress of AI in interventional treatment and prognostic evaluation of CAD, with the aim of providing a reference for precision interventional therapy and intelligent management of CAD.

Superior vena cava syndrome (SVCS) comprises the clinical manifestations of partial or complete obstruction of the superior vena cava and its major tributaries. Standard care is based on chemoradiotherapy; however, minimally invasive, highly effective endovascular interventions have become the preferred option for patients with critical compression. This review integrates current evidence on malignant SVCS, mapping its clinical presentation, diagnostic work-up and therapeutic landscape, and critically appraises the efficacy and oncological impact of contemporary endovascular techniques.

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of iodine-125 (¹²⁵I) seed strand combined with biliary self-expandable metallic stent (SEMS) versus SEMS alone in unresectable Bismuth Ⅲ–Ⅲ hilar cholangiocarcinoma (HCCA).

This retrospective study included 60 patients with unresectable Bismuth type III/IV HCCA treated at First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from June 2019 to January 2025. Thirty-two patients received ¹²⁵I seed strand plus biliary SEMS (combined group) and 28 received SEMS alone (control group). Postoperative liver function, adverse events, stent patency, and overall survival were compared between groups.

Technical success was 100% in both groups, and jaundice was clearly relieved postprocedure. Improvements in liver function tests and overall adverse event rates did not differ significantly between groups (P>0.05). Median overall survival was longer in the combined group (9.00 months; 95% CI: 6.25–11.75) than in the control group (6.00 months; 95% CI: 5.17–6.83; P<0.05). Median stent patency was also longer in the combined group (7.00 months; 95% CI: 3.67–10.33) versus the control group (5.00 months; 95% CI: 3.70–6.30; P<0.05).

Placement of ¹²⁵I seed strand combined with biliary SEMS is safe and feasible for unresectable Bismuth III–IV HCCA. It effectively relieves biliary obstruction and prolongs stent patency and patient survival.

To investigate the relationship between C-reactive protein (CRP), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and puncture-related lower extremity arterial thrombosis following abdominal aortic balloon occlusion combined with caesarean section in patients with placenta accreta spectrum (PAS).

A retrospective analysis was conducted on baseline data, serological indicators, and perioperative indicators of PAS patients treated at our hospital. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify relevant factors. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were plotted to evaluate predictive value.

The levels of CRP, NLR, D-dimer, and the amount of red blood cells transfused intraoperatively in the thrombus group differed significantly from those in the non-thrombus group (P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis indicated that CRP, NLR, and D-dimer were associated with puncture-related lower extremity arterial thrombosis following balloon occlusion and cesarean section in PAS patients, with AUC values of 0.752, 0.710, and 0.703, respectively.

CRP and NLR were associated with early puncture-related lower extremity arterial thrombosis following abdominal aortic balloon occlusion and cesarean section in PAS patients.

To compare post-procedural events (procedure-related complications plus events of uncertain attribution) and outcomes between splenic artery aneurysm (SAA) sac embolization and combined embolization (various combinations of outflow tract, sac, and inflow tract).

A retrospective study of 53 SAA patients (June 2022–June 2024) was conducted. Patients were divided into sac embolization group (n=25) and combined embolization group (n=28). Baseline data, post-procedural events, and outcomes were compared.

The sac embolization group had significantly lower overall post-procedural events at 3 months and 1 year (P<0.05). No significant difference was found in procedure-related complications (dissection, pancreatitis, splenic infarction) between groups (P>0.05). At 3-month follow-up, no recanalization or rupture occurred in either group. At 1-year follow-up, no abnormalities were seen in the sac embolization group, while one case of partial coil migration occurred in the combined group (P>0.05).

Both interventional techniques are safe and effective, with no significant difference in procedure-related complication risk. The difference in overall post-procedural events is mainly attributed to non-procedure-specific events (e.g., deep vein thrombosis, ileus). Technique selection should be individualized based on anatomical conditions

To evaluate the predictive value of contrast injection pressure during hysterosalpingography (HSG) for non-in vitro fertilization (IVF)-assisted pregnancy.

This study enrolled 318 patients with tubal infertility who underwent HSG at Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University between January 2024 and February 2025. Injection pressure at contrast spillage from the fimbrial end during HSG was recorded. Patients were followed for 1 year. Among them, 267 reached the endpoint and 243 completed follow-up. The association between injection pressure and pregnancy was analyzed.

The competing risk model showed that injection pressure had a significant negative effect on non-IVF pregnancy (P=0.001). ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve of injection pressure for predicting non-IVF pregnancy was 0.715(95% CI: 0.651-0.778, P<0.001), and the exploratory threshold was 45 kPa. When divided into low-pressure group (≤45 kPa, n=141) and high-pressure group (>45 kPa, n=69) according to 45 kPa, the non-IVF pregnancy rate in the high-pressure group was significantly lower than that in the low-pressure group (P=0.004).

Injection pressure during HSG is inversely associated with pregnancy. The exploratory threshold of 45 kPa may serve as a potential reference for generating clinical hypotheses regarding risk stratification, providing direction for individualized precision medicine. However, validation through multicenter prospective studies is required.

To investigate the influencing factors of hemorrhagic transformation (HT) in patients with acute anterior circulation ischemic stroke after intravenous thrombolysis with alteplase combined with bridging mechanical thrombectomy.

Clinical data of 177 patients with acute anterior circulation ischemic stroke undergoing bridging therapy from November 2022 to July 2024 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into HT group (n=93) and non-HT group (n=84) according to the presence or absence of postoperative hemorrhage. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analyses were performed to identify independent risk factors for HT.

The incidence of HT was 52.5% among 177 patients. Multivariate analysis showed that higher admission National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score and multiple thrombectomy passes were independent risk factors for postoperative HT (P<0.05). For prognosis, the 90-day favorable prognosis rate (modified Rankin Scale score ≤2) was significantly lower in HT group than in non-HT group (43.0% vs. 58.3%, P<0.05).

High baseline NIHSS score on admission and multiple thrombectomy passes are independent risk factors for HT in acute anterior circulation ischemic stroke patients after bridging therapy.

To explore the influencing factors of poor prognosis after mechanical thrombectomy for anterior circulation stroke and to construct prediction model.

Patients with anterior circulation ALVOS who underwent mechanical thrombectomy from January 2020 to December 2024 were divided into good prognosis group and poor prognosis group based on the 90-day postoperative prognosis. The baseline data, surgical conditions, and perioperative complications were analyzed. A clinical prediction model was constructed and its accuracy and efficacy were verified.

A total of 528 patients were enrolled. Logistic regression analysis indicated that age, time of consultation, D-dimer, NIHSS score, number of thrombectomy, symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage, and successful reperfusion were independent influencing factors for poor prognosis (P< 0.05). Based on the above factors, a prediction model was constructed, and the calibration curve and decision curve showed that the model had good efficacy.

The model constructed for anterior circulation ALVOS based on age, time of consultation, D-dimer, baseline NIHSS score, number of thrombectomy, successful reperfusion, and symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage has good predictive efficacy for poor prognosis.

To investigate trends in the monitored single-disease quality-control indicators for pediatric community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) across different categories of medical institutions in Shanghai from 2020 to 2025.

Six-year monitoring data on 10 single-disease quality-control indicators for pediatric CAP were collected from 102 medical institutions in Shanghai between January 1, 2020, and December 31, 2025. The indicators included the number of pediatric CAP discharges, proportion of severe CAP cases among hospitalized patients, severity assessment rate, antibiotic use rate, mechanical ventilation rate, blood transfusion rate, in-hospital mortality rate, average length of stay, average hospitalization cost per case, and average medication cost per case. The 102 medical institutions were stratified into four categories: category A (n=44, tertiary general hospitals), category B (n=35, secondary general hospitals), category C (n=3, tertiary children′s specialty hospitals), and category D (n=20, other medical institutions, including traditional Chinese medicine hospitals, maternal and child health institutions, infectious disease hospitals, and public health institutions). Six-year monitoring data for the four categories were extracted from the Shanghai Medical Service Monitoring and Evaluation System, and their annual changes were analyzed. Proportion indicators, including the proportion of severe CAP cases among hospitalized patients and the severity assessment rate, were expressed as percentages and analyzed using the Cochran-Armitage trend test. Quantitative indicators, including average length of stay, average hospitalization cost per case, and average medication cost per case, were expressed as means and analyzed descriptively for annual changes.

① From 2020 to 2025, a total of 183 307 pediatric CAP discharge cases were included from 102 medical institutions in Shanghai. Patients from categories A, B, C, and D institutions accounted for 49.25% (90 279/183 307), 16.89% (30 961/183 307), 33.08% (60 632/183 307), and 0.78% (1 435/183 307), respectively. The proportion of severe CAP cases among hospitalized patients was highest in category C institutions. This proportion decreased significantly in categories A, B, and C institutions (Z=-8.93, -2.84, and -4.64, respectively; all P<0.05). ② The severity assessment rate improved overall across all four categories institutions, with statistically significant annual trends (Z=21.61, 21.76, 25.76, and 10.73, respectively; all P<0.001). The antibiotic use rate decreased in category C institutions but increased in categories B and D, with statistically significant annual trends (Z=-36.84, 19.36, and 15.51, respectively; all P<0.001). ③ The mechanical ventilation rate was generally higher in category C institutions than in the other three categories institutions but showed a decreasing trend (Z=-4.40, P<0.001). Category A institutions showed an increase followed by a decrease (Z=-3.08, P = 0.002). Blood transfusion rates decreased in categories A and C institutions (Z=-9.56 and -21.28, respectively; both P<0.001). ④ In-hospital mortality remained low overall across the four categories and decreased in categories A, B, and C institutions (Z=-17.64, -1.97, and -4.62, respectively; all P<0.05). Average length of stay shortened overall, with more pronounced reductions in categories A and C institutions. Average hospitalization cost per case and average medication cost per case generally decreased in categories A and C institutions, whereas more marked year-to-year fluctuations were observed in categories B and D institutions.

From 2020 to 2025, the monitored single-disease quality-control indicators for pediatric CAP in Shanghai showed an overall improving trend, and a relatively clear stratified admission pattern was observed. Category A institutions undertook the largest share of pediatric CAP admissions, whereas category C institutions played an important role in the management of severe pediatric CAP. Future quality-control efforts should consider the functional roles of different medical institutions, improve the stratified quality-control and information technology-enabled management systems for pediatric CAP, and further enhance the quality and management of regional pediatric CAP care.

To explorer the clinical features of pediatric and adult patients with familial episodic pain syndrome type 3 (FEPS3) caused by SCN11A gene mutations, within a single pedigree.

A proband who presented to the outpatient clinic of Capital Center for Children′s Health, Capital Medical University in July 2017 and was molecularly confirmed to carry an SCN11A gene mutation, along with seven affected family members (the father and grandmother of the proband, the maternal cousin of the proband′s father, the two sisters and brother of the proband′s grandmother, and the grandmother′s deceased mother), were enrolled in this study. A retrospective analysis was performed to evaluate clinical manifestations, genetic test results, therapeutic interventions, and outcomes of all eight patients. Concurrently, a literature review of FEPS3 related pedigrees was conducted using domestic and international databases to summarize the disease profile. This study was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee of the Capital Center for Children′s Health, Capital Medical University (Approval No. SHERLL2020012).

① The proband was a male outpatient, evaluated at 2 years and 3 months of age, presented with over 1-year history of paroxysmal crying and limbs pain. His prior medical history was unremarkable. Physical examination and routine laboratory tests revealed no notable abnormalities. Genetic analysis identified a pathogenic missense variant in SCN11A gene, namely c. 665G>A(p.R222H). A confirmed diagnosis of FEPS3 was established based on the combined clinical and genetic findings. The proband was advised to avoid identifiable triggers, including cold exposure and strenuous physical activity, and received oral ibuprofen for symptomatic relief during painful episodes. At the most recent follow up, at over 10 years of age, he still experience intermittent limbs pain predominantly involving the distal portions of the elbows and knees following vigorous exercise. ② Among the four generations of affected family members of proband, seven individuals-including the proband′s father, the maternal cousin of the proband′s father, four members of the grandmother′s generation, and the grandmother′s mother-exhibited pain episodes analogous to those of the proband. Both the father and the grandmother tested positive for the identical SCN11A gene pathogenic variant c. 665G>A(p.R222H), confirming FEPS3 in these two cases. The remaining five affected members were clinically diagnosed as FEPS3 patients based on their clinical presentation and the genetic characteristics of the disease. All seven family members avoided cold and other known triggers, and administered oral ibuprofen or other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) to relief pain during pain attacks. Notably, limbs pain began to abate between 18 and 30 years of age and resolved completely by the age of 40 in all affected individuals. ③ Literature search results: a total of six FEPS3 relevant literature describing 15 FEPS3 pedigrees confirmed by genetic testing were retrieved. Pooled analysis of these 16 FEPS3 families (including this study) indicated that most patients experienced disease onset during infancy, with episodic limbs pain as the cardinal feature. Pain was frequently exacerbated by cold, fatigue, and illnesses, and was often accompanied by hyperhidrosis, constipation, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. All 16 pedigrees harbored heterozygous missense mutations in SCN11A gene, encompassing 9 distinct variant sites. NSAID provided transient but effective pain control, and the majority of patients exhibited marked symptomatic amelioration or even complete resolution with advancing age.

Patients with FEPS3 caused by SCN11A gene mutations presents as recurrent episodic limbs pain with an early life onset. Early and definite diagnosis can be achieved through molecular genetic testing. FEPS3 has familial inheritance patterns. NSAID offer effective symptomatic management, and pain symptoms tend to significantly diminish or disappear with advancing age.