To evaluate the features of carotid web (CW) by ultrasonography.

A total of 66 patients with CW were retrospectively enrolled from January 2018 to June 2019 at Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University. All patients were examined by both ultrasonography and CTA, and were divided into either a<50% stenosis group (54 cases) or a ≥50% stenosis group (12 cases). The ultrasonographic characteristics of CW, including the length, thickness, direction (forward or backward to the flow), acute angle between the web and carotid wall, and thrombus between the web and carotid wall were compared between the two groups. The stenosis degrees of carotid artery were compared between patients with and without ischemic stroke.

Forty-two (42/66, 63.6%) patients were diagnosed with CW by initial CDFI examination, of whom 21 (21/66, 31.8%) were diagnosed with ulcerative plaque and 3 (3/66, 4.5%) were diagnosed with carotid dissection at first but confirmed by second examination. There were no differences in the web length, thickness, direction, or thrombus detected between the two groups (P>0.05). The angle between the web and carotid wall in the<50% stenosis group was significantly smaller than that of the ≥50% stenosis group (median angel 39o vs 73o, P=0.002), and the percentage of patients with an angle≤ 60o in the<50% stenosis group was significantly higher than that of the ≥50% stenosis group (74.1% vs 41.7%, P=0.042). The diameter of the residual carotid artery at CW location in the<50% stenosis group was significantly larger and peak systolic velocity was significantly higher in the<50% stenosis group than in the≥50% stenosis group (P<0.001). The stenosis degrees of carotid artery were not statistically different between patients with and without ischemic stroke (P=0.321).

Ultrasonography can be used to evaluate the characteristics of carotid web in 2D and color mode. When the angle between the CW and carotid wall is large, the carotid artery stenosis ≥ 50% is more likely to happen, but carotid artery stenosis is not the main cause of ischemic stroke.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficiency of sling exercise, therapeuticultrasound, therapeuticultrasound and sling exercise in patients to alleviate pain and improve lumbar function with lumbar disc herniation.

Individuals were selected from a list of patients being followed at the department of Rehabilitation in the third hospital of Hebei Medical University. 30 patients who were diagnosed with lumbar disc herniation were collected, the diagnoses were established upon medical history, physical examination, and results of imaging studies. The patients were randomly divided into three groups: therapeuticultrasound group received 14 sessions of ultrasonic therapy to the lumbar region, Sling exercise group received 14 sessions of sling exercise, and therapeuticultrasound and sling exercise group received therapeuticultrasound and sling exercise therapy 14 sessions of therapeuticultrasound to the lumbar region,7 sessions per week, 2 weeks. The VAS and ODI were compared with the assessment of the patients before and at the end of the therapy.

At the end of treatment, three groups VAS scores (F=3.069, P=0.043) and ODI scores (t=12.676, P<0.001) was lower than that at the beginning of treatment (P<0.05), at the end of treatment the VAS scores (F=59.400, P<0.001) and of the ODI scores (t=12.737, P<0.001) of ultrasonic and sling exercise therapy group was lower than the other group, the difference is significantly.

All three groups could reduce pain and improve lumbar function, and the ultrasonic and sling exercise therapy was most effective for lumbar disc herniation treatment in the three groups.

To analyze the treatment of different types of traumatic cerebral infarction in children, and explore its pathogenesis in combination with literature so as to improve the cure rate and reduce disability rate.

The clinical data of 42 cases of traumatic cerebral infarction in children were retrospectively analyzed in The Hospital of 81^st Group Army PLA from January 2015 to December 2019. The diagnosis of traumatic cerebral infarction in children was made by CT scan and MRI scan. According to different conditions, children with traumatic cerebral infarction were classified, and different treatment strategies were selected. Children with lacunar infarction were treated with calcium antagonists and neurotrophic drugs, supplemented by hyperbaric oxygen and exercise rehabilitation. The children of focal cerebral infarction and complex cerebral infarction treated by junior dehydrant and hormone also included the calcium antagonist and nutritional nerve drugs. The therapeutic regimen perhaps adjusted by the evolution of the disease. The children of extensive cerebral infarction underwent emergency cranial decompression, and was treated by reducing intracranial pressure and preventing complications after operation. The treatment results and recovery were observed.

In 42 cases of traumatic cerebral infarction in children, 35 cases (83.3%) were good recovery, 4 cases (9.5%) were moderate disability, 2 cases (4.8%) were severe disability, 1 case (2.4%) died, and no vegetative state. The good recovery rate of lacunar infarction was 100%, that of focal cerebral infarction was 62.5%, that of mixed cerebral infarction was 60%, and that of extensive cerebral infarction was 50%.

It is of great significance to improve the therapeutic effect and prognosis of children with traumatic cerebral infarction to adopt different treatment schemes for different types of cerebral infarction.

To characterize the patients with supratentorial hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in the Tibetan Plateau over an altitude of 4000 meters.

A total of 68 cases with supratentorial hypertensive ICH were retrospectively included in Ali Regional People’s Hospital from January 2017 to September 2018. The clinical and laboratory data were collected. A simple linear correlation analysis was applied to analyze the correlation between the amount of bleeding and sex, age, nationality, time from onset , systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), hemoglobin (Hb), serum triglyceride (TG), and cholesterol. According to computed tomography (CT) findings, 68 cases were divided into the basal ganglia ICH group (33 cases) and the lobar ICH group (35 cases). The characteristics between two groups were analyzed using t-test or χ² test.

The data of sex, age, nationality, time from onset, SBP, DBP, Hb, TG, and cholesterol of 68 cases on admission did not show any definitive correlation with the hematoma volumes (P＞0.05). The SBP and DBP of patients in the basal ganglia ICH group were significantly higher than that in the lobar ICH group, respectively [(184.9±28.5) mmHg vs (164.6±24.4) mmHg; (113.0±18.1) mmHg vs (103.0±18.4) mmHg] (t=0.499, 0.486; P=0.002, 0.033).

The relevant factors of hematoma volumes in patients with ICH in plateau area were not yet clear. Diastolic and systolic blood pressure of patients in the basal ganglia ICH group was higher than that in those in lobar ICH group.

To compare the efficacy evaluation of electrospun composite biomaterials and a porcine small intestine submucosa mesh for hernia repair.

A randomized, single-blind, controlled multicenter trial was performed in 3 hospitals in Shanghai. Eligible adult patients with primary unilateral reducible groin hernias were randomly assigned (1∶1) to electrospun composite biomaterials (experimental group) or porcine small intestine submucosa (control group) mesh groups. Patients were treated with the tARB technique and assessed at 1,3 and 6 months after the surgery. The primary endpoint was hernia recurrence. The secondary endpoints were postoperative complications including groin pain and operative site infections.

172 patients were assigned to experimental (n=86) and control (n=86) groups. At 6 months follow-up, postoperative complications occurred in 5 patients (5/86, 5.95%) and 2 (2/86, 2.35%) patients in the control and experimental groups, respectively (P>0.05). There was no significant difference in VAS or SVS score between the two groups.

We demonstrate that electrospun composite biomaterial mesh can be used as a ideal choice for inguinal hernia repair. Electrospun composite biomaterial has the characteristics of low recurrence rate, absorbability and long-term comfort.It can be further applied in clinical practice in the future.

Pancreaticoduodenectomy(PD)remains one of the most complicated hepatobiliary operations. The development of minimally invasive surgery for PD has always been an hot spot. Laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy(LPD) has not been widespread carried out due to its difficulty and long learning curve. LPD accounts for 9% of all PD, according to the National Cancer Data base. Compared with laparoscopic surgery, robotic surgery system has significant advantages in the field of minimally invasive PD, including stereotactic amplified vision, filtering hand tremor and simulating the wrist. The article would review the surgical techniques and notes, which could provide clinical reference for other surgeons.

To analyze the disease spectrum, clinical characteristics, treatment strategies, and maternal-fetal outcomes of pregnancy complicated with malignancy, so as to provide evidence for multidisciplinary collaboration in clinical practice to improve the diagnosis rate and optimize maternal-fetal prognosis.

A retrospective analysis was conducted on 50 cases of pregnancy associated with malignancy admitted to The First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University) from February 2015 to August 2025. The tumor types, clinical manifestations, diagnostic methods, treatment strategies, and pregnancy outcomes were summarized.

Among the 50 patients with malignancies, the most common were hematological tumors(17/50, 34.0%), followed by cervical cancer(6/50, 12.0%), breast cancer(5/50, 10.0%), and ovarian cancer(4/50, 8.0%).Two cases were definitively diagnosed after delivery. Twenty-two patients terminated their pregnancy (22/50, 44.0%), including 21 cases of pregnancy termination and 1 case of death after definitive diagnosis. Twenty-six patients continued their pregnancies (26/50, 52.0%), including 17 preterm births and 9 full-term deliveries. Among those who continued pregnancy, 12 (12/50, 24.0%) received treatment during gestation (5 underwent surgery and 7 received chemotherapy). As of the follow-up date, 39 patients survived (78.0%), 7 died (14.0%), and 4 were lost to follow-up (8.0%). Of the 28 newborns, 2 were lost to follow-up, and the remaining survived with no obvious abnormalities in growth and development.

Clinical manifestations of malignant tumors during pregnancy are easily confused with physiological changes of pregnancy. Early diagnosis relies on vigilance toward abnormal symptoms and targeted examinations. Treatment should be individualized by a multidisciplinary team based on tumor type, stage, and gestational age. Malignant tumor is not an indication for pregnancy termination. With appropriate management such as standardized surgery and neoadjuvant chemotherapy, tumor control can be achieved while continuing pregnancy to obtain healthy offspring, realizing the dual goals of maternal treatment and fetal safety.

To explore the monitoring and prognosis of pregnancies complicated with breast cancer.

A retrospective analysis was conducted on 34 patients with pregnancy complicated with breast cancer who were treated at our hospital from January 1, 2006 to March 31, 2025. Their clinical characteristics, pregnancy outcomes, and prognosis were analyzed.

The 34 patients ranged in age from 23 to 42 years, with a mean age of 32.56±5.58 years. Most cases were diagnosed in the second and third trimesters (28 cases, 82.35%), of which 11 were advanced breast cancer. The double-negative rate (both progesterone receptor and estrogen receptor negative) was 35.49% (11 cases). Among the 34 patients, 28 chose to continue their pregnancy. Of these 28 patients, 3 underwent radical mastectomy during pregnancy: one delivered at term, and two delivered at 33 weeks and 31^{+ 3} weeks of gestation, respectively. 2 patients received surgery combined with chemotherapy and both delivered at term. 15 patients received chemotherapy alone during pregnancy, all using the EC regimen (epirubicin + cyclophosphamide), with an average prolongation of gestation of 13.30±5.52 weeks and a mean gestational age at delivery of 36.35±1.78 weeks. 8 patients received no treatment. Newborns were followed up and showed normal growth and development. After induced labor or delivery, all patients received comprehensive treatment for breast cancer. To date, 28 patients have survived, three were lost to follow-up, and three died due to systemic metastasis.

Surgery and/or chemotherapy are relatively safe for pregnancies complicated with breast cancer during the second and third trimesters, and the neonatal outcomes are favorable.

To investigate the clinical characteristics, diagnosis, treatment, and causes of death in patients with pregnancy complicated by tumors.

A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 6 maternal death cases involving pregnancy complicated by tumors in Fujian Province from January to December 2021.

Among the 6 cases, three were gastric cancer, one was pulmonary adenocarcinoma, one was pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis, and one was rhabdomyosarcoma. 4 cases were misdiagnosed or missed (including 1 case where the patient concealed her medical history and refused specialized examinations). Distant or systemic metastasis occurred in 3 cases. Only one patient was eligible to receive tumor-specific treatment, while the others received only symptomatic and supportive care. Two maternal deaths occurred after termination of pregnancy by cesarean section, two occurred following intrauterine fetal death, and the remaining two occurred during pregnancy. All six patients died due to tumor progression.

Tumors complicating pregnancy are characterized by insidious symptoms, high rates of misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis, advanced tumor stages at diagnosis, rapid progression, and poor prognosis. In clinical practice, multidisciplinary collaboration should be strengthened to improve outcomes through early diagnosis, timely treatment, and individualized decision-making.

To explore the clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment options, and maternal and infant outcomes of pulmonary embolism in early and middle pregnancy.

Based on the clinical data of 1 case admitted to Peking University Shenzhen Hospital and 18 cases reported in domestic and international literature of pulmonary embolism before 20 weeks of gestation, the treatment plans and maternal and infant outcomes were retrospectively analyzed.

The patient was a 26-year-old woman at 18^{+ 2} weeks of gestation, admitted to the Department of Respiratory Medicine, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital on April 28, 2022, with a complaint of " chest distress for 15 hours". Chest CT pulmonary angiography suggested acute massive pulmonary embolism, and heparin was administered for anticoagulation. On the morning of April 30, the condition was considered stable, and the treatment was switched to enoxaparin sodium. However, that night, chest distress and dyspnea recurred with increased pulmonary artery pressure. Emergency interventional thrombectomy and thrombolysis were performed. After the procedure, severe antithrombin Ⅲ deficiency (activity 24%) complicated by heparin resistance occurred. After infusion of fresh frozen plasma, adjustment of unfractionated heparin dosage, and bridging with warfarin, the patient improved and was discharged. The pregnant woman was admitted for delivery at 39^{+ 5} weeks of gestation on September 26, 2022. On September 28, a cervical dilation balloon was placed followed by intravenous oxytocin for induction of labor, and she eventually delivered a healthy live infant vaginally. A total of 18 cases of pregnant women with pulmonary embolism within 20 weeks of gestation were identified from the PubMed literature. Together with the present case, the clinical manifestations in the 19 cases were as follows: dyspnea (13/19), chest pain/chest tightness (9/19), syncope/unconsciousness (3/19). Among these 19 patients, 16 were diagnosed by chest CT, CT pulmonary angiography, or lung ventilation/perfusion scan, 2 by transthoracic echocardiography, and 1 did not mention the examination method. Of these, 14 patients received heparin or low-molecular-weight heparin before thrombolysis or surgery. Three cases underwent pulmonary embolectomy, 10 received systemic thrombolysis, and 6 received catheter-directed therapy.

Common clinical manifestations of pulmonary embolism in pregnancy include dyspnea and chest pain, and diagnosis mainly relies on CT pulmonary artery angiography. Treatment should follow the principle of individualization and be decided by a multidisciplinary team. For patients with hemodynamic instability or high risk, catheter-directed therapy can be considered as a priority reperfusion strategy because of its high efficiency and relatively low bleeding risk. Standard anticoagulant management and perinatal planning are key to achieving good maternal and infant outcomes.

To analyze the related factors and pregnancy outcomes of patients with subchorionic hematoma (SCH) who experienced spontaneous abortion.

(1) A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 491 patients with SCH who attended Dongguan Maternal and Child Health Hospital from February 2022 to August 2022. Pregnancy outcomes were followed up and relevant data were collected. (2) Based on the ratio of SCH volume to gestational sac volume, the 491 patients were divided into three groups: Group A (<20%, n=203), Group B (20%~50%, n=158), and Group C (>50%, n=130). (3) The gestational age at SCH onset, duration of SCH, pregnancy outcomes, and pregnancy complications were analyzed among the three groups.

The gestational age at SCH onset in the three groups was (8.51±1.71) weeks, (7.11±1.30) weeks, and (6.12±1.08) weeks, respectively (P<0.001). The duration of SCH was (3.06±1.98) weeks, (3.64±2.14) weeks, and (4.29±2.79) weeks, respectively (P<0.001), with statistically significant differences. The risk of spontaneous abortion in group B was 2.99 times that in group A (95%CI: 1.19~7.51, P=0.002), and the risk in group C was 7.51 times that in group A (95%CI: 3.18~17.70, P<0.001); The spontaneous abortion rate increased significantly with the increased in the ratio of SCH volume to gestational sac volume (3.9% vs. 9.5% vs. 22.35, P<0.001). There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of pregnancy and childbirth complications (including preeclampsia, premature rupture of membranes, placental adhesion, and postpartum hemorrhage) among the three groups (P>0.05). The risk of spontaneous abortion in SCH patients with intrauterine lesions (including endometrial polyps, submucosal fibroids and intrauterine adhesions) was 3.46 times higher than that without such intrauterine lesions (95%CI: 1.54~7.78, P=0.003). The risk of spontaneous abortion decreased by 0.43 times for each additional term delivery (95%CI: 0.24~0.77; P=0.004). Among the 491 SCH patients, 52 (10.59%) experienced spontaneous abortion, of whom 25 underwent multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification testing of chorionic villus. The tests revealed abnormal results in 17 patients.

In conclusion, larger SCHs appears at an earlier gestation age and persists longer. As the ratio of SCH to gestational sac volume increases, the spontaneous abortion rate increases significantly. Patients with SCH and intrauterine lesions have a significantly increased risk of spontaneous abortion, while patients with SCH who have previously delivered at term have a significantly reduced risk.

探讨妊娠合并肺结核与肺癌的临床特点、诊断难点、诊断延误原因及治疗策略。

报道陆军军医大学第一附属医院收治的1例妊娠期间先后确诊继发性肺结核与晚期肺腺癌患者的诊疗经过，并结合文献进行讨论。

患者以咳嗽、咳痰、呼吸困难起病，初诊考虑肺部感染，后确诊肺结核并启动抗结核治疗，同期发现妊娠，因症状重叠、影像学检查受限等原因，肺癌症状被掩盖；后经院内多学科会诊，明确诊断继发性肺结核、肺癌、妊娠合并肺动脉高压，经抗结核、抗感染及抗肿瘤治疗后病情持续恶化至死亡。

妊娠合并肺结核与肺癌临床表现高度重叠，易误诊漏诊。临床医生需建立感染与肿瘤双重鉴别思路，及时完善影像学、肿瘤标志物及病理检查，加强多学科协作与患者管理，改善母婴预后。

探讨妊娠合并宫颈癌的临床症状、诊断与治疗策略以及妊娠结局。

回顾性分析南京鼓楼医院收治的1例妊娠合并宫颈肿瘤患者的临床资料，包括患者的初始临床症状、孕期病理确诊、临床分期、治疗策略及妊娠结局，并结合文献进行分析。

本研究报道1例在孕28周确诊的宫颈癌病例，在出现持续多量阴道出血、中度贫血和感染等问题的情况下，积极处理并发症的同时顺利完成两次新辅助化疗后，在孕36^＋2周行剖宫产终止妊娠，同期完成宫颈癌根治手术，获得良好母儿结局。

妊娠合并宫颈癌临床罕见，孕期及时确诊，并通过多学科联合诊治进行个性化治疗，有助于获得良好妊娠结局。