To evaluate the features of carotid web (CW) by ultrasonography.

A total of 66 patients with CW were retrospectively enrolled from January 2018 to June 2019 at Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University. All patients were examined by both ultrasonography and CTA, and were divided into either a<50% stenosis group (54 cases) or a ≥50% stenosis group (12 cases). The ultrasonographic characteristics of CW, including the length, thickness, direction (forward or backward to the flow), acute angle between the web and carotid wall, and thrombus between the web and carotid wall were compared between the two groups. The stenosis degrees of carotid artery were compared between patients with and without ischemic stroke.

Forty-two (42/66, 63.6%) patients were diagnosed with CW by initial CDFI examination, of whom 21 (21/66, 31.8%) were diagnosed with ulcerative plaque and 3 (3/66, 4.5%) were diagnosed with carotid dissection at first but confirmed by second examination. There were no differences in the web length, thickness, direction, or thrombus detected between the two groups (P>0.05). The angle between the web and carotid wall in the<50% stenosis group was significantly smaller than that of the ≥50% stenosis group (median angel 39o vs 73o, P=0.002), and the percentage of patients with an angle≤ 60o in the<50% stenosis group was significantly higher than that of the ≥50% stenosis group (74.1% vs 41.7%, P=0.042). The diameter of the residual carotid artery at CW location in the<50% stenosis group was significantly larger and peak systolic velocity was significantly higher in the<50% stenosis group than in the≥50% stenosis group (P<0.001). The stenosis degrees of carotid artery were not statistically different between patients with and without ischemic stroke (P=0.321).

Ultrasonography can be used to evaluate the characteristics of carotid web in 2D and color mode. When the angle between the CW and carotid wall is large, the carotid artery stenosis ≥ 50% is more likely to happen, but carotid artery stenosis is not the main cause of ischemic stroke.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficiency of sling exercise, therapeuticultrasound, therapeuticultrasound and sling exercise in patients to alleviate pain and improve lumbar function with lumbar disc herniation.

Individuals were selected from a list of patients being followed at the department of Rehabilitation in the third hospital of Hebei Medical University. 30 patients who were diagnosed with lumbar disc herniation were collected, the diagnoses were established upon medical history, physical examination, and results of imaging studies. The patients were randomly divided into three groups: therapeuticultrasound group received 14 sessions of ultrasonic therapy to the lumbar region, Sling exercise group received 14 sessions of sling exercise, and therapeuticultrasound and sling exercise group received therapeuticultrasound and sling exercise therapy 14 sessions of therapeuticultrasound to the lumbar region,7 sessions per week, 2 weeks. The VAS and ODI were compared with the assessment of the patients before and at the end of the therapy.

At the end of treatment, three groups VAS scores (F=3.069, P=0.043) and ODI scores (t=12.676, P<0.001) was lower than that at the beginning of treatment (P<0.05), at the end of treatment the VAS scores (F=59.400, P<0.001) and of the ODI scores (t=12.737, P<0.001) of ultrasonic and sling exercise therapy group was lower than the other group, the difference is significantly.

All three groups could reduce pain and improve lumbar function, and the ultrasonic and sling exercise therapy was most effective for lumbar disc herniation treatment in the three groups.

To analyze the treatment of different types of traumatic cerebral infarction in children, and explore its pathogenesis in combination with literature so as to improve the cure rate and reduce disability rate.

The clinical data of 42 cases of traumatic cerebral infarction in children were retrospectively analyzed in The Hospital of 81^st Group Army PLA from January 2015 to December 2019. The diagnosis of traumatic cerebral infarction in children was made by CT scan and MRI scan. According to different conditions, children with traumatic cerebral infarction were classified, and different treatment strategies were selected. Children with lacunar infarction were treated with calcium antagonists and neurotrophic drugs, supplemented by hyperbaric oxygen and exercise rehabilitation. The children of focal cerebral infarction and complex cerebral infarction treated by junior dehydrant and hormone also included the calcium antagonist and nutritional nerve drugs. The therapeutic regimen perhaps adjusted by the evolution of the disease. The children of extensive cerebral infarction underwent emergency cranial decompression, and was treated by reducing intracranial pressure and preventing complications after operation. The treatment results and recovery were observed.

In 42 cases of traumatic cerebral infarction in children, 35 cases (83.3%) were good recovery, 4 cases (9.5%) were moderate disability, 2 cases (4.8%) were severe disability, 1 case (2.4%) died, and no vegetative state. The good recovery rate of lacunar infarction was 100%, that of focal cerebral infarction was 62.5%, that of mixed cerebral infarction was 60%, and that of extensive cerebral infarction was 50%.

It is of great significance to improve the therapeutic effect and prognosis of children with traumatic cerebral infarction to adopt different treatment schemes for different types of cerebral infarction.

To characterize the patients with supratentorial hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in the Tibetan Plateau over an altitude of 4000 meters.

A total of 68 cases with supratentorial hypertensive ICH were retrospectively included in Ali Regional People’s Hospital from January 2017 to September 2018. The clinical and laboratory data were collected. A simple linear correlation analysis was applied to analyze the correlation between the amount of bleeding and sex, age, nationality, time from onset , systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), hemoglobin (Hb), serum triglyceride (TG), and cholesterol. According to computed tomography (CT) findings, 68 cases were divided into the basal ganglia ICH group (33 cases) and the lobar ICH group (35 cases). The characteristics between two groups were analyzed using t-test or χ² test.

The data of sex, age, nationality, time from onset, SBP, DBP, Hb, TG, and cholesterol of 68 cases on admission did not show any definitive correlation with the hematoma volumes (P＞0.05). The SBP and DBP of patients in the basal ganglia ICH group were significantly higher than that in the lobar ICH group, respectively [(184.9±28.5) mmHg vs (164.6±24.4) mmHg; (113.0±18.1) mmHg vs (103.0±18.4) mmHg] (t=0.499, 0.486; P=0.002, 0.033).

The relevant factors of hematoma volumes in patients with ICH in plateau area were not yet clear. Diastolic and systolic blood pressure of patients in the basal ganglia ICH group was higher than that in those in lobar ICH group.

To compare the efficacy evaluation of electrospun composite biomaterials and a porcine small intestine submucosa mesh for hernia repair.

A randomized, single-blind, controlled multicenter trial was performed in 3 hospitals in Shanghai. Eligible adult patients with primary unilateral reducible groin hernias were randomly assigned (1∶1) to electrospun composite biomaterials (experimental group) or porcine small intestine submucosa (control group) mesh groups. Patients were treated with the tARB technique and assessed at 1,3 and 6 months after the surgery. The primary endpoint was hernia recurrence. The secondary endpoints were postoperative complications including groin pain and operative site infections.

172 patients were assigned to experimental (n=86) and control (n=86) groups. At 6 months follow-up, postoperative complications occurred in 5 patients (5/86, 5.95%) and 2 (2/86, 2.35%) patients in the control and experimental groups, respectively (P>0.05). There was no significant difference in VAS or SVS score between the two groups.

We demonstrate that electrospun composite biomaterial mesh can be used as a ideal choice for inguinal hernia repair. Electrospun composite biomaterial has the characteristics of low recurrence rate, absorbability and long-term comfort.It can be further applied in clinical practice in the future.

Pancreaticoduodenectomy(PD)remains one of the most complicated hepatobiliary operations. The development of minimally invasive surgery for PD has always been an hot spot. Laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy(LPD) has not been widespread carried out due to its difficulty and long learning curve. LPD accounts for 9% of all PD, according to the National Cancer Data base. Compared with laparoscopic surgery, robotic surgery system has significant advantages in the field of minimally invasive PD, including stereotactic amplified vision, filtering hand tremor and simulating the wrist. The article would review the surgical techniques and notes, which could provide clinical reference for other surgeons.

Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a respiratory disease in which emboli fall off in the systemic circulation, leading to obstruction of pulmonary arteries and branches, causing pulmonary circulation dysfunction. The most common is pulmonary thromboembolism, commonly known as pulmonary embolism, which refers to pulmonary thromboembolism. Pulmonary embolism is the third most common cardiovascular disease in China with a high incidence, but its clinical symptoms are often non-specific, and the diagnosis requires unconventional examination methods. Therefore, it often leads to high mortality due to misdiagnosis, missed diagnosis or untimely diagnosis. If not treated in time, the total mortality rate of pulmonary embolism is 18%-30%, while the mortality rate after anticoagulant therapy is 2%-11%. Therefore, early diagnosis and treatment are very important for patients with pulmonary embolism. This article mainly summarizes the research progress of the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary embolism based on evidence-based medical evidence at home and abroad.

Artificial intelligence is based on computer algorithms and simulates human intelligence to analyze large amounts of data to verify the sensitivity and specificity of algorithms and continuously optimize itself to achieve the goal of completing designated tasks. In recent years, the application of artificial intelligence technology in the medical field has become increasingly widespread, especially in interventional radiology. Artificial intelligence can use image recognition and analysis technology to help doctors quickly and accurately diagnose and treat diseases. In interventional treatment, artificial intelligence can assist doctors in performing angiography, tumor ablation, and vascular interventions, improving the precision and safety of the operation. At the same time, artificial intelligence can also utilize big data analysis to analyze the imaging data of patients and provide personalized treatment plans for doctors, and combine robotic technology to perform minimally invasive surgery to reduce surgical risks and the recovery time of patients. However, artificial intelligence-assisted interventional treatment also faces a series of challenges, such as privacy protection and data security.

To investigate the clinical efficacy of the modified plantar skin harvesting technique in treating patients with extensive deep burns.

A retrospective analysis was conducted on 65 patients with extensive deep burn wounds admitted to the Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery of the 910th Hospital of the Joint Service Support Unit of PLA between January 2018 and August 2024，including 45 males and 20 females，aged 18–80 （41.83±0.22） years. The total burn area ranged from 30% to 97% TBSA，and the full-thickness burn area ranged from 30% to 85% TBSA. Skin harvesting from both soles was performed 1 to 4 （1.8±0.9） times using either conventional or modified methods. Among them，22 patients who underwent one session of skin harvesting using the conventional method were assigned to the conventional group，21 patients who underwent one session using the modified method were assigned to the single-harvest group，and 22 patients who underwent 2 to 4 sessions using the modified method were assigned to the repeated-harvest group. The modified technique included several measures，such as dekeratinization of the donor site，avoidance of skin harvesting from weight-bearing areas，expanded skin harvesting areas，use of different dermatomes and techniques based on the specific body region，application of wound dressings to the donor site，and postage stamp-style thin split-thickness skin grafting. After the final harvesting session，comparisons were made between the single-harvest group and the conventional group，as well as between the single-harvest group and the repeated-harvest group，in terms of the final skin harvesting area，skin graft survival rate at 7 days，donor site healing time，and Vancouver scar scale （VSS） scores at 6 months postoperation. Additionally，the intervals between two consecutive harvesting sessions were calculated for the 22 patients in the repeated-harvest group. Walking function and donor site complications were observed during a 6-month follow-up.

After the final skin harvesting session among the 65 patients，the harvested areas in the conventional group，single-harvest group and repeated-harvest group were a median of 1.5 （1.0，1.8）%，3.8 （3.0，4.0）% and 3.7 （3.5，4.0） %TBSA respectively. The single-harvest group showed a significantly larger harvested area than the conventional group （U=443.500，P<0.001）. The skin graft survival rates at 7 days for the three groups were a median of 70.0 （65.0，78.5） %，94.0 （91.0，95.0） % and 94.0 （90.0，95.0）% respectively，with the single harvest group being higher than the conventional group （U=448.500，P<0.001）. The donor site healing times for the three groups were a median of 14.0 （13.0，16.0），10.0 （9.0，12.0） and 10.0 （10.0，11.0） days respectively，with the single harvest group being shorter than the conventional group （U=20.500，P<0.001）. The VSS scores of donor sites at 6 months post-operation for the three groups were a median of 4.0 （4.0，5.0），2.0 （2.0，2.0） and 2.0 （2.0，2.0） points，respectively，with the single-harvest group being lower than the conventional group （U=11.500，P<0.001）. No statistically significant differences were observed between the single-harvest group and the repeated-harvest group in any of the above indicators （P>0.05）. The interval between two consecutive skin harvests in 22 patients in the repeated-harvest group ranged from 10 to 45 （12.5±0.5） days. During the 6-month follow-up，all patients exhibited normal gait，and no complications such as pain or ulceration at the donor site were observed.

The modified plantar skin harvesting method can increase the harvested skin area from the soles，improve skin graft survival rate，promote donor site healing，and reduce scarring and complications at the donor site. Repeated harvesting does not affect the therapeutic efficacy，providing an excellent autologous skin source for the repair of extensive deep burn wounds.

To evaluate the clinical efficacy of diverse flap reconstructions for lower extremity tendon gliding wounds and analyze the treatment strategies for such defects.

From February 2021 to January 2025，20 patients with tendon gliding wounds of the lower extremity who met the inclusion criteria were admitted to the Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery，Beijing Jishuitan Hospital，Capital Medical University，including 16 males and 4 females，aged 23–68 years. The causes of injury included 12 cases of secondary wounds after lower extremity surgery，7 cases of trauma，and 1 case of infection. The wound area ranged from 2.0 cm×2.0 cm to 5.0 cm×18.0 cm. Diverse flap reconstructions were performed to repair the wounds，which included 8 cases of sural neurocutaneous vascular flaps，5 cases of free anterolateral thigh flaps，4 cases of peroneal artery perforator flaps，1 case of dorsalis pedis artery flap，1 case of lateral tarsal flap，and 1 case of local random pattern flap. The area of the flaps ranged from 3.5 cm×9.0 cm to 7.0 cm×21.0 cm. Flap viability，wound healing of donor and recipient sites，complications，flap appearance and texture，and lower limb function were assessed postoperatively and during follow-up.

All patients were followed up for 1–48 months. The flaps survived well with favorable appearance and texture. Both donor and recipient sites achieved satisfactory wound healing，and lower limb function recovered optimally.

For tendon sliding wounds of the lower extremity，the application of multiple types of flaps combined with postoperative immobilization and multi-stage rehabilitation training，could achieve satisfactory outcomes in both cosmetic reconstruction and functional recovery.

To analyze the research status and development trends of facial scars using bibliometric methods，provide references for future related studies.

A systematic search was conducted for literature on facial scars between January 2005 and December 2024 in Web of Science Core Collection. CiteSpace，VOSviewer，and Bibliometrix R-package were employed to perform visualization analysis of number of publications，countries/regions，institutions，authors，and keyword co-occurrence and clustering.

A total of 2 931 articles on facial scars were included. The annual publication output demonstrated a consistent upward trend from 2005 to 2024. The United States contributed the most publications （2 192 articles），followed by China （1 086 articles） and South Korea （407 articles）. The most prolific author was Lee JH （23 articles）. Shanghai Jiao Tong University，Harvard University，and Stanford University were at the core of the cooperation network and had close cooperation with other international research institutions. Keyword co-occurrence and cluster analysis revealed significant thematic concentrations，including intense pulsed light，carbon dioxide laser，botulinum toxin，and platelet-rich plasma.

Research on facial scars shows a sustained growth trend，with minimally invasive treatments represented by laser medicine and regenerative medicine being the key research focus.

To investigate the active components，therapeutic targets，and mechanisms of sea buckthorn in promoting burn wound repair using network pharmacology approaches with molecular docking validation.

Active components of sea buckthorn and their potential targets were retrieved from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform （TCMSP）. Burn-related target genes were systematically collected from NCBI，GeneCards，and OMIM databases. The overlapping targets were identified and visualized using a Venn diagram. Protein-protein interaction （PPI） network analysis was performed using the STRING database，followed by topological analysis with Cytoscape software （version 3.10.2） to identify hub genes. Hub genes were analyzed using the DAVID database for gene ontology （GO） enrichment analysis and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes （KEGG） enrichment analysis. Constructed a network of active ingredients，target genes and signal pathways of sea buckthorn in promoting burn wound repair. Protein structures were retrieved and obtained through PDB and PubChem databases. Molecular docking between sea buckthorn's bioactive compounds and key targets was performed using AutoDock，with subsequent visualization in PyMOL.

A total of 33 bioactive components were identified in sea buckthorn，including quercetin，isorhamnetin，pelargonidin，and kaempferol, etc. Bioinformatic analysis identified 167 potential target genes for sea buckthorn components，and 3 897 burn-related targets were retrieved from disease databases. Intersection analysis revealed 68 overlapping targets，including 12 hub genes （such as CASP3，EGFR，ESR1，IFNG，IL6，and PPARG）. KEGG enrichment analysis showed that sea buckthorn promote the repair of burn wounds primarily through signaling pathways associated with cancer, infection, and endocrine resistance. Molecular docking demonstrated strong binding affinities between key targets and sea buckthorn's bioactive compounds.

Sea buckthorn promotes burn wound repair through a synergistic mechanism involving multiple components，targets，and pathways.

To investigate the protective effects of Selenomethionine （Se） against Dexamethasone （DEX）-induced apoptosis and osteogenic inhibition in osteoblasts （OB），and evaluate its protective role in steroid-induced osteonecrosis of femoral head （SONFH） in rats.

MC3T3-E1 cells were cultured in vitro and divided into 3 groups： control group （no intervention），DEX group （10 μmol/L DEX），and DEX+Se group （DEX 10 μmol/L + Se 10 μmol/L）. Cell proliferation was assessed using the CCK-8 assay. Osteogenic differentiation was evaluated via Real-time PCR and Western blot analysis. Intracellular reactive oxygen species （ROS） accumulation was measured using the 2'，7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate （DCFH-DA） probe. Apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry，Real-time PCR，and Western blot. The effects of Se on the PI3K/Akt/GSK-3β signaling pathway under DEX exposure were examined using Western blot. Tweleve eight-week-old male SD rats were divided into 3 groups with 4 rats in each group. They were divided into normal saline control group, methylprednisolone (MPS) model group and MPS+Se intervention group respectively for intervention after all received intramuscular injection of lipopolysaccharide. Histological evaluation via hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining was performed to assess the occurrence and treatment of empty bone lacunae.

Treatment with DEX increased ROS production，enhanced apoptosis levels and significantly suppressed osteogenic differentiation capacity in MC3T3-E1 cells. However, Se could inhibit cell apoptosis by reducing the accumulation of ROS in DEX-mediated OB potentially through activation of the PI3K/Akt/GSK-3β signaling pathway and also effectively alleviated DEX-mediated ostengenic dysfunction. In rats administered Selenium by gavage, the arrangement and quantity of trabecular bone were significantly improved compared with those in the MPS model group, the number of empty bone lacunae was reduced, and manifestation of osteonecrosis was between that of control group and MPS model group.

Selenomethionine may protect against SONFH by activating the PI3K/Akt/GSK-3β signaling pathway，thereby reversing DEX-induced osteogenic inhibition，oxidative stress damage，and apoptosis in osteoblasts. Se could serve as a potential therapeutic agent for the prevention and treatment of SONFH.

The treatment of fingertip soft tissue defects remains a prominent focus in contemporary clinical research，with ideal repair modalities necessitating the integration of sensory function，operational capacity，and aesthetic restoration. Current therapeutic strategies for fingertip soft tissue defects domestically and internationally encompass artificial dermis with biosemipermeable membrane occlusive dressing，foot free flaps including the second toe tibial free flap，pedicled perforator flaps，free perforator flaps，digital artery island flaps，advancement flaps，and others，each characterized by distinct advantages and specific clinical indications. This article reviews the characteristics，application prospects，and research progress of the aforementioned repair methods，aiming to provide a reference basis for clinicians in developing individualized treatment plans.

The scarcity of professional medical personnel and the limitations of treatment facilities present significant challenges for the early diagnosis and emergency treatment of burn patients at the battlefield of naval warfare. With the rapid development of artificial intelligence technology （AI），it has demonstrated remarkable application potential in combat injury treatment. This article systematically reviews the recent breakthroughs of AI in burn area assessment，depth diagnosis，complication prediction，and personalized treatment. Meanwhile，the application prospects and technical challenges of AI technology in complex battlefield environments were explored in this review.

Chronic wounds，as a critical challenge in global public health，urgently require technological innovation in management and assessment approaches. Artificial intelligence （AI），with its powerful data analysis and pattern recognition capabilities，has demonstrated significant application value in the precision assessment，treatment decision-making assistance，remote management，and personalized intervention support for chronic wounds. This paper systematically reviews the current status of AI technologies applied to chronic wound management and clinical practices both domestically and internationally over the past five years，deeply analyzes existing challenges and limitations，and provides forward-looking prospects for future development trends. The aim of this review is to provide a reference for technological innovation and clinical translation in this field.

Procedural pain in chronic refractory wounds seriously affects the quality of life and wound healing process of patients. The application of traditional analgesic drugs is limited by side effects and the risk of dependence. Exploring safe and effective non-pharmaceutical analgesic management strategies has become a focus of clinical attention. This article systematically reviews recent research progress in non-pharmaceutical analgesic management strategies for procedural pain in chronic refractory wounds，summarizes its application effects and limitations，and proposes future research directions，with the aim of providing a theoretical basis and clinical reference for improving the management of procedural pain in chronic refractory wounds.

Wound healing is regulated by the interactions of various cells and a complex network of signaling pathways. When the local microenvironment is dysregulated，wound healing can be delayed or even fail to occur，and refractory wounds remain a major clinical challenge. Adipose-derived stem cells （ADSCs），which are abundant and easily accessible，possess strong paracrine functions and multi-directional differentiation potential，playing a crucial role in wound repair and regeneration. This article reviews the biological characteristics of adipose-derived stem cells，the types and features of their derivatives，and their applications in different types of wound healing，aiming to provide new insights for future research on stem cell therapy in wound healing.