To evaluate the features of carotid web (CW) by ultrasonography.

A total of 66 patients with CW were retrospectively enrolled from January 2018 to June 2019 at Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University. All patients were examined by both ultrasonography and CTA, and were divided into either a<50% stenosis group (54 cases) or a ≥50% stenosis group (12 cases). The ultrasonographic characteristics of CW, including the length, thickness, direction (forward or backward to the flow), acute angle between the web and carotid wall, and thrombus between the web and carotid wall were compared between the two groups. The stenosis degrees of carotid artery were compared between patients with and without ischemic stroke.

Forty-two (42/66, 63.6%) patients were diagnosed with CW by initial CDFI examination, of whom 21 (21/66, 31.8%) were diagnosed with ulcerative plaque and 3 (3/66, 4.5%) were diagnosed with carotid dissection at first but confirmed by second examination. There were no differences in the web length, thickness, direction, or thrombus detected between the two groups (P>0.05). The angle between the web and carotid wall in the<50% stenosis group was significantly smaller than that of the ≥50% stenosis group (median angel 39o vs 73o, P=0.002), and the percentage of patients with an angle≤ 60o in the<50% stenosis group was significantly higher than that of the ≥50% stenosis group (74.1% vs 41.7%, P=0.042). The diameter of the residual carotid artery at CW location in the<50% stenosis group was significantly larger and peak systolic velocity was significantly higher in the<50% stenosis group than in the≥50% stenosis group (P<0.001). The stenosis degrees of carotid artery were not statistically different between patients with and without ischemic stroke (P=0.321).

Ultrasonography can be used to evaluate the characteristics of carotid web in 2D and color mode. When the angle between the CW and carotid wall is large, the carotid artery stenosis ≥ 50% is more likely to happen, but carotid artery stenosis is not the main cause of ischemic stroke.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficiency of sling exercise, therapeuticultrasound, therapeuticultrasound and sling exercise in patients to alleviate pain and improve lumbar function with lumbar disc herniation.

Individuals were selected from a list of patients being followed at the department of Rehabilitation in the third hospital of Hebei Medical University. 30 patients who were diagnosed with lumbar disc herniation were collected, the diagnoses were established upon medical history, physical examination, and results of imaging studies. The patients were randomly divided into three groups: therapeuticultrasound group received 14 sessions of ultrasonic therapy to the lumbar region, Sling exercise group received 14 sessions of sling exercise, and therapeuticultrasound and sling exercise group received therapeuticultrasound and sling exercise therapy 14 sessions of therapeuticultrasound to the lumbar region,7 sessions per week, 2 weeks. The VAS and ODI were compared with the assessment of the patients before and at the end of the therapy.

At the end of treatment, three groups VAS scores (F=3.069, P=0.043) and ODI scores (t=12.676, P<0.001) was lower than that at the beginning of treatment (P<0.05), at the end of treatment the VAS scores (F=59.400, P<0.001) and of the ODI scores (t=12.737, P<0.001) of ultrasonic and sling exercise therapy group was lower than the other group, the difference is significantly.

All three groups could reduce pain and improve lumbar function, and the ultrasonic and sling exercise therapy was most effective for lumbar disc herniation treatment in the three groups.

To analyze the treatment of different types of traumatic cerebral infarction in children, and explore its pathogenesis in combination with literature so as to improve the cure rate and reduce disability rate.

The clinical data of 42 cases of traumatic cerebral infarction in children were retrospectively analyzed in The Hospital of 81^st Group Army PLA from January 2015 to December 2019. The diagnosis of traumatic cerebral infarction in children was made by CT scan and MRI scan. According to different conditions, children with traumatic cerebral infarction were classified, and different treatment strategies were selected. Children with lacunar infarction were treated with calcium antagonists and neurotrophic drugs, supplemented by hyperbaric oxygen and exercise rehabilitation. The children of focal cerebral infarction and complex cerebral infarction treated by junior dehydrant and hormone also included the calcium antagonist and nutritional nerve drugs. The therapeutic regimen perhaps adjusted by the evolution of the disease. The children of extensive cerebral infarction underwent emergency cranial decompression, and was treated by reducing intracranial pressure and preventing complications after operation. The treatment results and recovery were observed.

In 42 cases of traumatic cerebral infarction in children, 35 cases (83.3%) were good recovery, 4 cases (9.5%) were moderate disability, 2 cases (4.8%) were severe disability, 1 case (2.4%) died, and no vegetative state. The good recovery rate of lacunar infarction was 100%, that of focal cerebral infarction was 62.5%, that of mixed cerebral infarction was 60%, and that of extensive cerebral infarction was 50%.

It is of great significance to improve the therapeutic effect and prognosis of children with traumatic cerebral infarction to adopt different treatment schemes for different types of cerebral infarction.

To characterize the patients with supratentorial hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in the Tibetan Plateau over an altitude of 4000 meters.

A total of 68 cases with supratentorial hypertensive ICH were retrospectively included in Ali Regional People’s Hospital from January 2017 to September 2018. The clinical and laboratory data were collected. A simple linear correlation analysis was applied to analyze the correlation between the amount of bleeding and sex, age, nationality, time from onset , systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), hemoglobin (Hb), serum triglyceride (TG), and cholesterol. According to computed tomography (CT) findings, 68 cases were divided into the basal ganglia ICH group (33 cases) and the lobar ICH group (35 cases). The characteristics between two groups were analyzed using t-test or χ² test.

The data of sex, age, nationality, time from onset, SBP, DBP, Hb, TG, and cholesterol of 68 cases on admission did not show any definitive correlation with the hematoma volumes (P＞0.05). The SBP and DBP of patients in the basal ganglia ICH group were significantly higher than that in the lobar ICH group, respectively [(184.9±28.5) mmHg vs (164.6±24.4) mmHg; (113.0±18.1) mmHg vs (103.0±18.4) mmHg] (t=0.499, 0.486; P=0.002, 0.033).

The relevant factors of hematoma volumes in patients with ICH in plateau area were not yet clear. Diastolic and systolic blood pressure of patients in the basal ganglia ICH group was higher than that in those in lobar ICH group.

To compare the efficacy evaluation of electrospun composite biomaterials and a porcine small intestine submucosa mesh for hernia repair.

A randomized, single-blind, controlled multicenter trial was performed in 3 hospitals in Shanghai. Eligible adult patients with primary unilateral reducible groin hernias were randomly assigned (1∶1) to electrospun composite biomaterials (experimental group) or porcine small intestine submucosa (control group) mesh groups. Patients were treated with the tARB technique and assessed at 1,3 and 6 months after the surgery. The primary endpoint was hernia recurrence. The secondary endpoints were postoperative complications including groin pain and operative site infections.

172 patients were assigned to experimental (n=86) and control (n=86) groups. At 6 months follow-up, postoperative complications occurred in 5 patients (5/86, 5.95%) and 2 (2/86, 2.35%) patients in the control and experimental groups, respectively (P>0.05). There was no significant difference in VAS or SVS score between the two groups.

We demonstrate that electrospun composite biomaterial mesh can be used as a ideal choice for inguinal hernia repair. Electrospun composite biomaterial has the characteristics of low recurrence rate, absorbability and long-term comfort.It can be further applied in clinical practice in the future.

Pancreaticoduodenectomy(PD)remains one of the most complicated hepatobiliary operations. The development of minimally invasive surgery for PD has always been an hot spot. Laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy(LPD) has not been widespread carried out due to its difficulty and long learning curve. LPD accounts for 9% of all PD, according to the National Cancer Data base. Compared with laparoscopic surgery, robotic surgery system has significant advantages in the field of minimally invasive PD, including stereotactic amplified vision, filtering hand tremor and simulating the wrist. The article would review the surgical techniques and notes, which could provide clinical reference for other surgeons.

To conduct a preliminary exploration of the feasibility, safety, and short-term functional outcomes of a biopsy-free diagnostic strategy guided by multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) combined with prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PSMA PET/CT), together with robot-assisted radical prostate enucleation (RARPE) for localized prostate cancer (PCa).

This single-center retrospective study included 10 consecutive patients evaluated between Oct. 2024 and Apr. 2025 at the Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, who underwent screening by mpMRI and PSMA PET/CT and proceeded directly to RARPE without prior biopsy. Baseline characteristics, imaging findings, perioperative data, postoperative pathology, and functional outcomes were collected and analyzed.

Median operative time was 175 minutes, and median intraoperative blood loss was 80 mL. Bilateral neurovascular bundle (NVB) preservation was achieved in all patients. Mean duration of drainage tube placement was 2.6 days, mean postoperative hospital stay was 3.2 days, and mean total diagnostic-to-treatment time was 12.1 days. Postoperative pathology confirmed prostate adenocarcinoma in all cases, with pathologic stage pT2. Gleason Grade Group distribution was: Grade Group 2 (n=4), 3 (n=3), 4 (n=2), and 5 (n=1). Serum total PSA (tPSA) decreased markedly 4 weeks after surgery, with no biochemical recurrence observed during the 6-month follow-up. The positive surgical margin rate was 10%. No postoperative complications exceeding Clavien-Dindo grade I occurred, and all patients survived during the follow-up period. Functional outcomes were favorable: early urinary continence recovery was excellent, with a 100% continence rate achieved at the 1-month follow-up. Most patients maintained preoperative erectile function levels.

Under stringent imaging criteria, the biopsy-free diagnostic pathway combining mpMRI and PSMA PET/CT with robot-assisted radical prostate enucleation demonstrates encouraging preliminary results in diagnostic reliability, perioperative safety, and functional preservation. However, as this is an exploratory, single-center, retrospective single-arm study with a small sample size, this strategy cannot yet be recommended for routine clinical practice. Its efficacy requires further validation through prospective studies with larger cohorts and longer follow-up.

To explore the safety and feasibility of day surgery for robotic liver tumor resection.

The demographic characteristics, perioperative data, and short-term outcomes of patients who underwent robotic day surgery for liver tumor resection at Faculty of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, The First Medical Center of Chinese People′s Liberation Army General Hospital from Jun.2024 to Jan.2025, were analyzed retrospectively.

A total of 31 patients were enrolled, including 23 males and 8 females, with a mean age of 54 years. Among them, 8 patients underwent left lateral hepatectomy, 18 underwent wedge hepatectomy, and 5 underwent segmentectomy. All day surgeries for robotic liver tumor resection were successfully completed without conversion to open surgery. The median operative time was 100 (85.5, 115.5) minutes, and the median estimated blood loss was 25 (20, 50) ml. No patient required blood transfusion, and no patient developed major postoperative complications, post-hepatectomy liver failure or post-hepatectomy hemorrhage. No patient needed reoperation or readmission, and no 30-day mortality was observed.

Day surgery for robotic liver tumor resection is safe and feasible. However, further accumulation of experience and comparative studies are required to verify its clinical value and clarify the surgical indications.

To investigate the clinical efficacy of liver tumor resection in same-day surgery.

Clinical data were retrospectively collected from 4 patients who underwent hepatectomy for liver tumors from Jan. 2026 to Feb. 2026. The cohort comprised 2 males and 2 females, aged 42-56 years, including 2 cases of hepatic hemangioma and 2 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma. Postoperative follow-up was conducted for 14 days. Parameters analyzed included operative time, intraoperative blood loss, surgical technique, postoperative complications, pain level at discharge, and patient satisfaction, aiming to comprehensively evaluate its clinical applicability.

All 4 same-day surgery hepatectomies for liver tumors were successfully completed. Operative time ranged from 60 to 84 minutes. Intraoperative blood loss was uniformly 20 ml, with no patient requiring a blood transfusion. No severe complications occurred. Portal triad clamping was not performed in any case. No abdominal drainage tubes were placed. All patients were discharged on the day of surgery, reporting a pain score of 1 on the Visual Analog Scale at discharge. Within the 14-day postoperative period, no complications such as hemorrhage, bile leakage, or liver failure were observed. There were no deaths or hospital readmissions within this period.

Hepatectomy for liver tumors performed within same-day surgery is safe and feasible, supporting its broader application in well-established hepatopancreatobiliary day surgery centers.

To explore the safety and feasibility of non-barbed suture method in transumbilical laparoendoscopic single-site surgery(TU-LESS) in cervical myomectomy, and to provide new ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of cervical myoma.

A total of 62 patients who underwent laparoscopic cervical myomectomy at Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province from May 2017 to Mar. 2025 were collected. All patients′ tumor cavities were sutured with non-barbed sutures. There were 34 cases in the transumbilical laparoendoscopic single-site surgery group(TU-LESS group) and 28 cases in multiport laparoscopy group(ML group). There were 9 patients with giant cervical myoma in the TU-LESS group and 2 patients with giant cervical myoma in the ML group. The intraoperative and postoperative safety and quality indicators, postoperative recovery of the two groups of patients were analyzed and compared.

There was no significant difference in age, myoma diameter (cm), operation time (min), and intraoperative blood loss (ml) between the TU-LESS group and the ML group (P>0.05). The postoperative hospitalization time and postoperative exhaust time of the TU-LESS group were shorter than those of the ML group (P<0.05). Complications occurred in 3 patients (8.8%) in the TU-LESS group and 3 (10.7%) in the ML group, and the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). No complications such as ureteral injury, intestinal injury, or postoperative incision infection occurred in any patient.

The use of non-barbed sutures during transumbilical laparoendoscopic single-site surgery cervical myomectomy is a safe and effective method.

Pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) is the standard surgical procedure for malignant tumors of the pancreatic head/neck and peripapillary region with well-established consensus on its core techniques. However, severe complications such as pancreatic fistula frequently develop postoperatively. Consequently, current research focuses on optimizing surgical techniques to mitigate the risk of complications. Against this background, the growing application of minimally invasive techniques has extended the debate to whether minimally invasive PD demonstrates superior perioperative safety and improved long-term oncologic outcomes compared with open surgery. This article reviews advancements in key PD techniques, discusses these controversies, and provides references for clinical surgical decision-making to improve surgical safety and long-term patient prognosis.

The clinical application of pure laparoscopic liver transplantation is currently hindered by the technical complexity of vascular reconstruction and a steep learning curve. The hybrid procedure, integrating laparoscopic mobilization of the diseased liver with vascular reconstruction via a mini-laparotomy, effectively bridges the gap between minimally invasive benefits and operative safety. This article reviews current clinical practices, elaborating on anatomical foundations and key technical strategies, including early pre-dissection and indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence navigation. Furthermore, it addresses controversies regarding the learning curve, indication expansion (e.g., robotic assistance), and health economics. Current evidence confirms that the hybrid approach significantly shortens warm ischemia time and reduces surgical trauma while ensuring oncological safety, representing a crucial transitional and supplementary modality in the era of minimally invasive liver transplantation.

In recent years, the deep integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and surgery has been driving the surgical field towards a new stage of precision and intelligence. By analyzing clinical, imaging, and pathological omics data and combining them with deep learning, AI optimizes the entire process of diagnosis, surgery, and prognosis, significantly enhancing surgical efficiency and safety. Minimally Invasive Surgery (MIS) has emerged as a crucial development trend in the surgical field. The numerous challenges faced by traditional MIS have given rise to the demand for intelligent technologies. In the field of gynecological MIS, AI will achieve wide application in precise diagnosis, clinical risk prediction, intraoperative diagnosis, surgical navigation, intraoperative decision, and postoperative recovery, effectively improving the treatment outcomes for patients and providing more precise medical services.

Early diagnosis of gastric cancer is crucial for improving patient survival rates and prognosis. However, traditional endoscopic diagnosis is often hindered by the endoscopist's experience and visual recognition ability, leading to suboptimal detection rates. In recent years, artificial intelligence (AI) technology based on deep learning convolutional neural networks (CNNs) has made significant progress in endoscopic image recognition, greatly enhancing both diagnostic accuracy and efficiency. This article aims to review the current status and future clinical prospects of AI-assisted endoscopy in diagnosing early gastric cancer.

Low back pain (LBP) has a high incidence rate and is the leading cause of activity limitation among people under 45 years old. Its causes include abnormal muscle function, ligament injury, and other factors. Traditional imaging examinations have limitations such as radiation exposure, high cost, or static assessment. Musculoskeletal ultrasound, with advantages such as dynamic observation, portability, and no radiation, has gradually become a key technology in diagnosis and treatment. This article systematically reviews the progress in applications of ultrasound technology in the diagnosis and treatment of lumbosacral pain. In terms of etiological diagnosis, ultrasound can assess soft tissues (multifidus muscle, erector spinae muscle function, and fascia lesions such as thoracolumbar fascia), bone structures (lumbar facet joints and sacroiliac joints), and nerve compression (radeiculopathy and nerve abnormalities related to lumbar disc herniation) through multimodal techniqus, providing a basis for etiological identification. Regarding therapeutic applications, ultrasound-guided techniques enable precise localization and are utilized across a range of interventions targeting muscles, ligaments, and fascia (drug injection and acupuncture); joints and spinal structures (intra-articular injection and radiofrequency neurotomy); and nerve roots (drug delivery and ozone therapy). This approach contributes to reduced complication rates and improved clinical outcomes. Ultrasound technology has advantages such as non-invasive dynamic assessment, improved treatment accuracy, simple operation, and low cost. However, it has limitations such as reliance on the operator's experience, insufficient imaging of deep tissues, and the need for more high-quality research verification. In the future, it can be combined with shear wave elastography and shear wave dispersion imaging technologies to assess the elasticity and viscosity of the lumbosacral muscle fascia to improve disease assessment. In conclusion, ultrasound technology provides an important tool for the diagnosis and treatment of lumbosacral pain. With the development of technology and the accumulation of evidence, it is expected to become one of the core diagnostic and therapeutic methods in this field.

Aplastic anemia (AA) is an immune-mediated hematopoietic failure disease, characterized by pancytopenia in peripheral blood and hypocellular bone marrow without abnormal hyperplasia or fibrosis. Its main clinical manifestations are anemia, bleeding, and infection, and both its incidence and mortality rates are notably high. Investigating the pathogenesis of AA is therefore crucial for identifying potential therapeutic targets at diagnosis or after treatment. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) technology overcomes the limitation of traditional sequencing, which captures only average transcriptional levels acorss cell populations, by enabling precise transcriptome profiling at single-cell resolution. In contrast to conventional detection methods, scRNA-seq can assess heterogeneity within cell populations and construct gene expression maps for individual cells, thereby helping to elucidate the complex molecular networks underlying intercellular crosstalk. Considering the strengths and limitations of commonly used scRNA-seq platforms, this article reviews the applications of scRNA-seq technology in studying AA.

To explore the similarities and differences in the biological phenotypes and cytotoxicity of resident and expanded natural killer cells derived from mononuclear cells of human bone marrow between healthy donors (HD) and patients with B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) .

Bone marrow blood of HD and B-ALL was collected, and mononuclear cells were enriched by density gradient centrifugation. Flow cytometry was used to analyze the phenotypes of resident NK cells (HD-NK and BALL-NK) in the two types of blood. Then, with the aid of our well-established 14-day "3ILs"-based (short for IL-2, IL-15, IL-18) culture system for in vitro high-efficient activation and expansion of NK cells, we conducted cell counting, flow cytometry analysis and in vitro co-culture killing tests to compare the phenotypes and cytotoxicity of expanded HD-NK cells (eHD-NK) and expanded BALL-NK cells (eBALL-NK) in bone marrow blood. Comparisons between two groups were performed using independent samples t-test. Comparisons among the four groups (HD-NK, eHD-NK, BALL-NK, and eBALL-NK) were conducted using two-way repeated measures ANOVA, followed by Bonferroni's post hoc test for pairwise comparisons.

Compared with the healthy donor (HD) group, the proportion of total CD3^-CD56⁺ NK cells in the non-activated, expanded resident NK cell population from patients with B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) was significantly lower [ (4.21 ± 0.92) % vs (14.25 ± 1.15) %]. In addition, the frequencies of activated NK cell subsets were reduced, including CD16⁺ NK cells [ (46.82 ± 2.96) % vs (67.87 ± 2.12) %], NKG2D⁺ NK cells [ (22.45 ± 2.12) %vs (50.82 ± 5.65) %], and NKp46⁺ NK cells [ (7.66 ± 1.73) % vs (17.27 ± 1.75) %]. Following in vitro activation and expansion, the proportion of total NK cells was significantly increased in both the expanded HD-NK (eHD-NK) group and the expanded B-ALL-derived NK (eBALL-NK) group [ (61.52 ± 3.18) % vs (14.25 ± 1.15) %]; (24.63 ± 2.07) % vs (4.21 ± 0.92) %]. Moreover, the eHD-NK group exhibited higher proportions of total NK cells [ (61.52 ± 3.18) % vs (24.63 ± 2.07) %] and multiple activated NK cell subsets than the eBALL-NK group, including NKG2D⁺ NK cells [ (80.63 ± 2.03) % vs (57.83 ± 8.55) %], CD25⁺ NK cells [ (37.45 ± 3.21) %vs (20.90 ± 5.15) %], and NKp46⁺ NK cells [ (27.23 ± 2.30) % vs (9.51 ± 0.98) %]. Cell viability analysis demonstrated that the efficiency of in vitro activation and expansion of total NK cells was higher in the HD group than in the B-ALL group. Compared with the eHD-NK group, the eBALL-NK group showed significantly higher proportions of apoptotic cells, including Annexin V⁺7-AAD- cells [ (4.50 ± 0.35) % vs (2.72 ± 0.43) %] and Annexin V⁺ cells [ (5.13 ± 0.62) % vs (3.29 ± 0.58) %], while no significant differences in cell cycle distribution were observed between the two groups. In vitro cytotoxicity co-culture assays revealed that eHD-NK cells exhibited stronger cytotoxic activity against the tumor cell lines Nalm6 and U937 compared with eBALL-NK cells.

Compared with HDs, bone marrow–derived resident and activated NK cells from B-ALL patients exhibited reduced proportions, diminished activated subpopulation content, impaired in vitro activation capacity, decreased cellular viability, and attenuated cytotoxicity. This study provides valuable reference for subsequent investigations into the underlying pathogenic mechanisms and the development of clinical therapeutic strategies.

Exploring the ameliorative effects of blueberry extract on atopic dermatitis (AD) and elucidating its mechanisms of action through changes in skin microbiota, restoration of barrier function, and improvement of Th2-type inflammation.

The AD mouse model was induced by topical application of the vitamin D3 analog calcipotriol (MC903). Ear thickness was measured in a double-blind manner on days 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, 12, and 14, and scratching episodes within 30 minutes were recorded on day 14. Ear tissue samples were collected for hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and epidermal thickness measurement. The mRNA expression of inflammatory cytokines (IL-33, IL-22, TSLP, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β) was detected by RT-qPCR. 16S rRNA sequencing was used to analyze the effect of blueberry extract on the microbial community in AD mice. A cellular model was established by stimulating human keratinocytes (HaCaT) with lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 20 μg/mL). The effect of different concentrations of blueberry extract on cell viability was assessed using the CCK-8 assay. Expression of IL-33, TSLP, and IL-4Rα proteins were detected by Western blot. The composition of blueberry extract was identified by ultra performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). Comparisons between two groups were performed using the independent samples t-test. Comparisons among multiple groups were conducted using either one-way ANOVA or repeated-measures ANOVA, as appropriate. Post hoc pairwise comparisons were carried out with Tukey's test.

Compared with the model group, blueberry extract significantly alleviated ear swelling in AD mice, reduced scratching frequency [ (9.00 ± 0.89) vs (14.67 ± 2.06) times] and epidermal thickness [ (37.78 ± 2.68) vs (54.90 ± 10.09) μm] (all P < 0.05). Blueberry extract downregulated the expression of Th2 inflammatory cytokines and pro-inflammatory factors mRNA. Compared with the model group, the expression levels of IL-33 (0.95 ± 0.18 vs 1.36 ± 0.23), TSLP (27.12 ± 4.73 vs 39.09 ± 4.61), IL-22 (1.98 ± 0.45 vs 3.43 ± 0.36), and IL-1β (4.47 ± 1.44 vs 20.26 ± 3.30) mRNA were decreased in treatment group (P < 0.05). 16S rRNA analysis revealed that blueberry extract mitigated microbial community dysbiosis and loss of diversity, inhibiting the proliferation of pathogenic bacteria such as Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, and Enterobacter. In the cellular experiments, compared with the LPS-induced model group, treatment with 80 μmol/L blueberry extract significantly reduced the protein expression of IL-4Rα (1.64 ± 0.31 vs 5.90 ± 0.24), IL-33 (0.90 ± 0.15 vs 4.27 ± 0.41), and TSLP (0.15 ± 0.07 vs 5.61 ± 0.40), as well as the mRNA expression of IL-4Rα (2.57 ± 0.54 vs 13.20 ± 3.43), IL-33 (2.00 ± 0.44 vs 5.40 ± 1.24), and TSLP (1.47 ± 0.06 vs 4.04 ± 0.21) (all P < 0.05). Further mass spectrometry identification indicated that delphinidin might be the core active component in blueberry extract.

Blueberry extract significantly alleviated symptoms in the AD mouse model by modulating the skin microbiota, restoring barrier function, suppressing Th2-type inflammatory responses, and reducing inflammatory cytokine expression in HaCaT cells, with delphinidin identified as its potential core active constituent.